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1) ¸®´ë·æ/ À̸íõ, Çö´ë»çȸ¿Í ±¤°í, (¼­¿ï: ³ª³², 1986), 89¸é.

2) "¸Åüº° ±¤°í¼ºÀå ÃßÀÌ", ±¤°í¿¬°¨ '87, (¼­¿ï: Á¦Àϱâȹ,1987), 202¸é.

3) ÀÌ»óö, ±¹Á¦Á¤º¸·Ð, (¼­¿ï: ÀÏÁö»ç, 1986), 196¸é.

4) ¸®´ë·æ/À̸íõ, ¾ÕÀÇÃ¥, 50-51¸é

5) °æÁ¦±âȹ¿ø Àα¸Åë°è(85³â11¿ù1ÀÏ ÇöÀç)ÂüÁ¶. ±×·¯³ª ½ÇÁ¦ ½Å¹®±¸µ¶ °¡´ÉÇÑ ¿¬·ÉÀ» 25¼¼¿¡¼­ 65¼¼±îÁö·Î º¼ ¶§ À̵é ÃÑÀα¸(1,810¸¸¸í)°¡¿îµ¥ Çѱۼ¼µ¥(25-41)°¡ Â÷ÁöÇÏ´Â ºñÁßÀº 60%ÀÎ1,080¸¸¸í¿¡ À̸¥´Ù.

¾Èµ¿±Ù, Çѱ¹½Å¹®ÀÇ ÀÌÇØµµ¿¡ °üÇÑ ½ÇÇèÀû ¿¬±¸,(¼®»çÇÐÀ§³í¹®, ÇѾç´ëÇб³ ´ëÇпø, 1986), 2¸é¿¡¼­ ÀçÀοë.

6) ±èÁøÆò, ÇÑ±Û logotypeÀÇ ±âÃÊÀû Á¶Çü¿ä¼Ò¿¡ °üÇÑ ¿¬±¸(¼®»çÇÐÀ§³í¹®, ¼­¿ï´ëÇб³ ´ëÇпø, 1974).

¾È»ó¼ö, ÇÑ±Û Å¸ÀÌÆ÷±×¶óÇÇÀÇ °¡µ¶¼º¿¡ °üÇÑ ¿¬±¸, (¼®»çÇÐÀ§³í¹®, È«ÀÍ´ëÇб³ ´ëÇпø, 1980).

ȲÁøÈñ, Çѱۺ»¹®¿ë ¹®ÀÚü¿Í ±× °¡µ¶¼º¿¡ °üÇÑ¿¬±¸, (¼®»çÇÐÀ§³í¹®, ¼÷¸í¿©ÀÚ´ëÇб³ ´ëÇпø, 1982).

¼®±ÝÈ£, ¼­Àûº»¹®ÀÇ ½Ã°¢Æ¯Â¡°ú ½É¸®Àû È¿°ú¿¡ °üÇÑ ¿¬±¸, (¼®»çÇÐÀ§³í¹®, È«ÀÍ´ëÇб³ »ê¾÷¹Ì¼ú´ëÇпø, 1982).

7) À̱⼺ ÀüÀÚÃâÆÇ, (¼­¿ï: ¿µÁøÃâÆÇ»ç, 1988), 494-495¸é.

8) G.R. Klare, The Measurement of Readability, (Ames, Iowa: Iowa State University Press, 1963), P.1. Â÷¹è±Ù, "±¹¹®µ¶À̼º ÃøÁ¤¹æ¹ý °³¹ßÀ» À§ÇÑ ¼­¼³Àû ¼Ò°í," ½Å¹®¿¬±¸¼ÒÇк¸, 1988³â, Á¦25È£, 114¸é¿¡¼­ ÀçÀοë.

9) Sandra B.Ernst. The ABC'S of Typograpy, (New York: Art Direction Book Co., 1977), pp.133-139.

10) Sandra B.Ernst, Ibid.

11) Miles A. Tinker, Legibility of Print, (Ames, Iowa: The Iowa State University press, 1963), P.4

12) Arthur T. Turnbull, and Russell N. Baird, "Why and How We Read: Human Informatino Processing", The Graphics Communications, 4th ed., (Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York, 1980), pp.84-85

13) ¼ÕÁ¤Ç¥ µ¶¼­Áöµµ ¹æ¹ý·Ð, (¼­¿ï: Çй®»ç, 1982), 19¸é¿¡¼­ ÀçÀοë.

14) Arthur T. Turnbull, and Russell N. Baird, op. cit., pp.84-85.

15) À̱⼺, ¾ÕÀÇÃ¥, 440¸é.

16) Â÷¹è±Ù, ¾ÕÀÇ³í¹®, 114-120¸é. "II. µ¶À̼º°ú ±× ÃøÁ¤¹æ¹ý¿¡ °üÇÑ ¿¬±¸ÀÇ ¹ßÀü"À» Âü°í·ÎÇÏ¿© ¿ä¾àÇÏ¿´À½.

17) E.J Gibson, and H. Levin, "The Effects of Graphic Characteristics on Reading," The Psychology of Reading, 4th ed. (Cambridge Mass, and London, England, LMIT Press, 1978), P.168. ¼®±ÝÈ£, ¾ÕÀÇ³í¹®, 7¸é¿¡¼­ ÀçÀοë.

Gibson°ú LevinÀº ¼¼°èÀûÀ¸·Î ³Î¸® ¾Ë·ÁÁø µ¶¼­½É¸®ÇÐÀÚ·Î À§ÀÇ Ã¥¿¡¼­ ¾ð¾îÀÇ ±¸Á¶, ½Ç¹ÌÇüÅÂ, µî ±¤¹üÀ§È¯ ¿µ¿ª¿¡ °ÉÃÄ ³íÇÑ´Ù.

18) Miles A. Tinker, op. cit., pp.5-31.

19) ³ëº´½Ä, "ŸÀÌÆ÷±×¶óÇÇ ÄÃ", µðÀÚÀÎ.Æ÷Àå, 1978³â2¿ùÈ£ (36È£), 92¸é

20) Ruari Mclean, The Thames and Hudson Manual of Typography(London: Thames and Hudson Ltd., 1980), P.8

21) ÇϾߺñ·Î(ê«ûð), "¾áġȦƮÀÇ ´ºÅ¸ÀÌÆ÷±×·¡ÇÇ", Æ÷¸§, 1981³â9¿ùÈ£(7È£), 67¸é.

22) º» Ç׸ñÀº À̱⼺, ¾ÕÀÇÃ¥, 383-387¸é. "Á¦2Àå Á¶ÆÇ¹æ½ÄÀÇ Á¾·ù"¸¦ ¸¹ÀÌ Âü°íÇÏ¿© ¿ä¾àÇÏ¿´À½.

23) ÀÏÁ¾ÀÇ ÆÇ¹ÚÀÌ ±Û¾¾·Î¼­, ³Î¸® ¾Ë·ÁÁø Á¦Ç°À¸·Î´Â "·¹Æ®¶ó¼¼Æ®"°¡ ÀÖ´Ù.

24) ¿Àõ¼®, "Á¶¼±¹® Ⱦ¼­¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ½ÇÇè," º¸ÀüÇÐȸ ³íÁý, 1934³â, Á¦1Áý, 393-420¸é.

ÀÓÀǵµ, ÇѱÛÀÇ Àб⠽¬¿òÀÌ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¸î °¡Áö ¿µÇâ¿¡ °üÇÑ ¿¬±¸, (¼®»çÇÐÀ§ ³í¹®, ¼­¿ï´ëÇб³ ±³À°´ëÇпø, 1961).

¿ÀÁÖȯ/ÀÓ»ó¿ø, "½Å¹®ÀÇ ÇѱÛÀü¿ëÀÌ µ¶¼­ÇàÀ§¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¿µÇâ,"½Å¹®Çк¸, 1971³â, Á¦4È£16-38¸é.

Àüº´¸¸, ¾ð¾î´É·Â Æò°¡¿¡ À־ ±ÔÄ¢ ºóÄ­¸Þ¿ì±â ÀýÂ÷ÀÇ ¿¬±¸,(¹Ú»çÇÐÀ§ ³í¹®, ÀüºÏ´ëÇб³, 1985).

À̼±Èñ, ¹®Àå°¡µ¶¼º ÃøÁ¤°ø½Ä°ú À̸¦ ÅëÇØ º» Çö´ë ±¹¾î ¸Å½ºÄÄ ¹®ÀåÀÇ °¡µ¶¼º ÃøÁ¤Á¶»ç,(¼®»çÇÐÀ§³í¹®, ¼­°­´ëÇб³, 1984).

Çѱ¹¾ð·Ð¿¬±¸¿ø, "½Å¹®È°ÀÚÀÇ °¡µ¶¼º", ½Å¹®°ú ¹æ¼Û, 1982³â, 2¿ùÈ£(Á¦134È£), 40-60¸é.

¾È»ó¼ö, ¾ÕÀÇ³í¹®.

ȲÁøÈñ, ¾ÕÀÇ³í¹®.

¼®±ÝÈ£, ¾ÕÀÇ³í¹®.

±è¹ÌÁø, Çìµå¶óÀÎÀ» À§ÇÑ ÇÑ±Û ¹®ÀÚü ¿¬±¸, (¼®»çÇÐÀ§³í¹®, ÀÌÈ­¿©ÀÚ´ëÇб³ ´ëÇпø, 1982).

Á¶¼º°â ¿Ü, "Çѱ۰¡µ¶¼º ÃøÁ¤¹æ¹ýÀ¸·Î¼­ CLOZE°Ë»çÀÇ Å¸´ç¼º¿¡ °üÇÑ ½ÇÇ迬±¸," ½Å¹®¿¬±¸Çк¸ 1988³â, Á¦25È£, 135-162¸é.

25) ±è¹ÌÁø, À§ÀÇ³í¹®. 5¸é.

26) ±è¹ÌÁø, À§ÀÇ³í¹®, 21¸é.

27) ±è¹ÌÁø, À§ÀÇ³í¹®, 28¸é.

28) John. Ryder, The Case for Legibility, (New York: The Moretus Press Inc., 1979), P.19.

29) Ibid, pp.19-25.

30) ±×¸®µå(grid)¶õ ÆäÀÌÁö ·¹À̾ƿôÀ» À§ÇÑ ¹æ¾ÈÀ¸·Î Á¶ÆÇÀÇ ÇüÅ¿¡ µû¶ó ÀÏÁ¤ÇÑ ±Ô°ÝÀ» Á¤Çؼ­ »ç¿ëÇϴ°ÍÀ» ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. ¿¹¸¦µé¸é1´Ü ¹×2´Ü »çº¸Á¶ÆÇ¿ë ´ëÁöµîÀ» ¸»ÇÑ´Ù.

31) Miles A. Tinker, "The Realative Legibility of Letters, the Digits and of Certain Mathematical Sings, "Journal of General Psychology, Vol.1 (1928, Jul-Oct), pp.472-496. Quoted by Tinker, op. cit., p.33.

32) P.A. Kolers, "Cluses to a Letter's Recognition : Implications for the Design of Characters, "Journal of Typographic Research, Vol.2 (1969, April), pp.145-168. ¾È»ó¼ö, ¾ÕÀÇ ³í¹®, 28¸é¿¡¼­ ÀçÀοë.

33) ðÄô¹üÀ, ÔÁßöªÈʦÒöàõ, (ÔÔÌÈ, ðÄô¹üÀ, 1979), 22-23¸é. ¾È»ó¼ö, ¾ÕÀÇ³í¹®, 28¸é¿¡¼­ ÀçÀοë.

34) Rolf F. Rehe, Typography: How to Make It Most Legible, 3rd rev, ed.,(Carmel, Indiana : Design Research International, 1979), p.29, ¾È»ó¼ö, À§ÀÇ³í¹®, 30¸é¿¡¼­ ÀçÀοë.

35) D. G Paterson ans M.A Tinker, "Eye Movements in Reading Type Sizes in Optimal Line Widths, "Journal of Educational Psychology, Vol.34(1943, December), pp.547-551, ¾È»ó¼ö, ¾ÕÀÇ³í¹®, 30¸é¿¡¼­ ÀçÀοë.

36) Miles A. Tinker "Criteria for Determining the Readability of Type Faces," Journal of Educational Psychology, Vol.36(1946, October), pp.453-460. ¾È»ó¼ö, ¾ÕÀÇ³í¹®, 35¸é¿¡¼­ ÀçÀοë.

37) Arthur T. Turnbull and Russell N. Baird, op. cid., p.88.

38) Ibid., p.90.

39) J.W. Sender, D.F. Fisher, and R.A. Monty,"Fixation Duration and Semantic Processing", Eye Movement and Psychological Function,Lawren Erlbaum Associates, (new Jersey: Hillsied, 1978), P.196. ¼®±ÝÈ£, ¾ÕÀÇ³í¹®, 39¸é¿¡¼­ ÀçÀοë.

40) ߾ϢëÁìÑ, «¨«Æ«¤«È«ê«¢«ë«Æ«¶«¤«óªÎ ãùÐü, 1972), 67¸é. ¾È»ó¼ö, ¾ÕÀÇ³í¹®, 31¸é¿¡¼­ ÀçÀοë.

41) õ½à´á¹ß², üÀí®ªÎÓÞª­ªµªÈú¼Êà, í®Êà, ú¼ªÎíþªµ, Á¦3±Ç(1955), 16¸é. ¾È»ó¼ö, À§ÀÇ³í¹®, °°Àº¸é¿¡¼­ ÀçÀοë

42) ÀϺ»¾È°úÇÐȸ, ÏÐí®ªËμª¹ªë äÑΡùÊîß æÚϼ, (n.p., Ë»æÑÑÀÖâ32Ïé), ¾È»ó¼ö, À§ÀÇ³í¹®, °°Àº¸é¿¡¼­ ÀçÀοë.

43) õ½à´á¹ß², À§ÀÇÃ¥, 16-17¸é. ¾È»ó¼ö, À§ÀÇ³í¹®, °°Àº¸é¿¡¼­ ÀçÀοë.

44) ¾È»ó¼ö, À§ÀÇ³í¹®, °°Àº¸é¿¡¼­ ÀçÀοë.

45) M.A. Tinker, and D.G. Paterson, "Studies of Typographical Factors Influencing Speed Reading:III. Length of Line," Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol.13(1927, June), pp.205-129. Quoted by Rolf F. Rehe, op. cit., p.29. ¾È»ó¼ö, ¾ÕÀÇ³í¹®, 33¸é¿¡¼­ ÀçÀοë.

46) Sir Cyril. Burt, A Psychological Study of Typograpy, (Lodong: Cambridge University Press, 1959), Quoted By, Arthu T. Turnbull and Russell N. Baird, op.cit., P.89.

47) ðÄô¹üÀ, ¾ÕÀÇÃ¥, 46¸é. ¾È»ó¼ö, ¾ÕÀÇ³í¹®, 35¸é¿¡¼­ ÀçÀοë.

48) ÇѱÛÇÐȸ ÇѱÛÇÐȸ 50³â»ç, (¼­¿ï: ÇѱÛÇÐȸ, 1971), 419¸é.

49) Rolf F. Rehe, op.cit., P.35.

50) E.K. Strong, "Values of White Space in Advertising," Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol.10(1926, March), pp.107-116. Quoted., P.5. ¾È»ó¼ö, ¾ÕÀÇ³í¹®, 47¸é¿¡¼­ ÀçÀοë.

51) D.E. Paterson and M.A. Tinker, "The Part-Whole Proportion Illusion in Printing," Journal of Applied Psychology, vol.22(1939, August), pp.421-425. ¾È»ó¼ö, À§ÀÇ³í¹®, °°Àº¸é.

52) D. Wooldridge, Letter Assembly in Printing, (London and Vew York: Focal Press, 1972), P.17. ¼®±ÝÈ£, ¾ÕÀÇ ³í¹®, 54¸é¿¡¼­ ÀçÀοë.

53) A. Wilson, "Choosing Proportions Within the Page," The Disign of Books. (New York: Reinbold Publishing Co., 1967), P.72.¼®±ÝÈ£, À§ÀÇ³í¹®, 55¸é¿¡¼­ ÀçÀοë.

54) D. Wooldridge, À§ÀÇ³í¹®, °°Àº¸é.

55) G. Holmes, "The Relative Legibility of Black Print & Whit Print" Journal of Applied Psychology, 15(June, 1931), pp.248-251. cited by Ibid, P.45. ¾È»ó¼ö, ¾ÕÀÇ³í¹®, 46Æí¿¡¼­ ÀçÀοë.

56) D. G. Paterson & M.A Tinker, "Studies of Typographical Factors Influencing Speed of Reading: II.IV. Black Type versus White Type" Journal of Applied Psychology, 15(June, 1931), pp.241-247. cited by Ibid, ¾È»ó¼ö, À§ÀÇ ³í¹®, °°Àº¸é.

57) ¾È»ó¼ö, ¾ÕÀÇ³í¹®, 51-54¸é ÂüÁ¶.

58) 1 Pica=1/6 Inch, 1 Paca=12 Point, 1 Point= 1/72 Inch

59) ȲÁøÈñ, ¾ÕÀÇ³í¹®, 45-48¸é Âü°í.

60) ¿ÀµÎ¹ü, ±¤°í Ä¿¹Â´ÏÄÉÀÌ¼Ç ½Å·Ð, (¼­¿ï : Àü¿¹¿ø, 1988), 234-235¸é.

61) Benjamin B. Wolman, Dictionary of behevioral Science,(new York: Macmillan Press, 1973), P.343.

62) ¾Èµ¿±Ù, Çѱ¹½Å¹®±â»ç ÀÌÇØµµ¿¡ °üÇÑ ½ÇÇèÀû ¿¬±¸, (¼®»çÇÐÀ§ ³í¹®, ÇѾç´ëÇб³ ´ëÇпø, 1986), 19¸é.

63) ¾È»ó¼ö, ¾ÕÀÇ³í¹®, 62¸é.

64) ÀÌ»ó¿í, "¾È°úÀû óÁö¿¡ º» °¡·Î ¾²±âÀÇ ÇÕ¸®¼º", ÇÑ±Û »õ¼Ò½Ä, 1982³â4¿ùÈ£(Á¦116È£), 6¸é.

65) ¼ÕÁ¤Ç¥, µ¶¼­Áöµµ ¹æ¹ý·Ð, (¼­¿ï: Çй®»ç, 1982), 21¸é.

66) ±èÇмº, µðÀÚÀÎÀ» À§ÇÑ »öü, (¼­¿ï: µµ¼­ÃâÆÇ â¹Ì, 1982), 88¸é. ½Ã°¢(Q) = 57.5 d(¹°Ã¼ÀÇ ³ôÀÌ)/D(°üÂû°Å¸®)°¡ µÈ´Ù. ±×·¯¹Ç·Î 57.3 Cm°üÂû °Å¸®¿¡¼­1 Cm°¡1µµ°¡ µÈ´Ù.

67) ¼ÕÁ¤Ç¥, ¾ÕÀÇÃ¥, 29-31¸é.

68) B. Berelson, and G. A. Steiner, Human Behavior: An Inventory of scientific Findings, (Harcourt, Brance and World, 1964), P.133. ¿ÀµÎ¹ü, ±¤°í Ä¿¹Â´ÏÄÉÀÌ¼Ç ½Å·Ð, (¼­¿ï: Àü¿¹¿ø, 1988), 434¸é¿¡¼­ ÀçÀοë.

69) George A. Kimble, Hilgard and Marquis Conditioning & Learning, 2nd ed., rev. (New York: Appleton, 1961). ¿ÀµÎ¹ü, À§ÀÇÃ¥, °°Àº¸é.

70) Clifford T. Morgan and Ricahrd A. King, Introduction to Psychology, 3rd ed.,(New York: McGraw-Hill, 1966), pp.13-14. ¿ÀµÎ¹ü, À§ÀÇÃ¥, °°Àº¸é.

71) ¿ÀµÎ¹ü, À§ÀÇÃ¥, °°Àº¸é

72) C.S. Hall & G. Lindzey, Theories of Personality, 2nd ed., (New York: Appleton Century Cropts, 1940), P.236. ¾Èµ¿±Ù, ¾ÕÀÇ³í¹® 23¸é¿¡¼­ ÀçÀοë.

73) ¹Î¿µ¼ø, ±³À°½É¸®ÇÐ ½Å°­, (¼­¿ï: ¹®À½»ç, 1984), 280¸é.

74) David K. Berlo, The Process of Communication, (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1960), P.72. ¾Èµ¿±Ù, ¾ÕÀÇ³í¹® 25¸é¿¡¼­ ÀçÀοë.

75) ¿ÀµÎ¹ü, ¾ÕÀÇÃ¥, 183¸é.

76) David K. Berlo, op. cit., pp.57-60. ¾Èµ¿±Ù, ¾ÕÀÇ³í¹® 25¸é¿¡¼­ ÀçÀοë.

77) Bruce H. Westley, and Malclom S. MacLean, Jr., "A Conceptual Model of Communications research," Kenneth K. Sereno and C. David Mortensen, Foundations of Communication Theory, (New York: Harper and Row, Publishers, Inc., 1970), pp.73-82.

78) Sherilyn K. Zeigler, and J. Douglas Johnson, Creative Startegy and Tactics in Advertising, (Columbus, Ohio: Grid Publishing, Inc., 1981), P.158.

79) ±ÛÀÚÅ©±â¿Í °£°ÝÀÇ ´ÜÀ§: ÇѰ¢ À̶õ ±ÛÀÚ ÇÑÀÚÀÇ Å©±â(¿©±â¼­´Â 14±Þ) ¸¸Å­À» ¸»ÇÏ¸ç ¹Ý°¢À̶õ Àý¹ÝÀÇ Å©±â¸¦ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù. »çÁø½ÄÀÚ¿¡¼­´Â °£°ÝÀ» Ç¥±â ÇÒ ¶§´Â "Ä©¼ö"¸¦ ¾´´Ù. 1±ÞÀ̶õ °¡·Î, ¼¼·Î°¡ °¢°¢0.25mm ÀÓÀ» ¸»ÇÑ´Ù.

80) ¿©±â¿¡¼­ °¡µ¶¼º(legibility)À̶õ '¾È»ó¼ö'¿Í ȲÁøÈñ'°¡ ¼±Ç࿬±¸¿¡¼­ »ç¿ëÇÑ ¼ú¾î·Î¼­ »¡¸® ÀÐÇôÁø ¼­Ã¼°¡ °¡µ¶¼ºÀÌ ³ôÀº ¼­Ã¼¶ó°í ÇÏ¿© ¼­Ã¼º° ½ÃÇèÀ縦 ÃÊ´ÜÀ§·Î ÃøÁ¤ÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, »¡¸® ÀÐÇôÁú ¼ö·Ï °¡µ¶¼ºÀÇ Á¤µµ°¡ ³ô´Ù°í Çß´Ù.

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